Solar System
- Total planets - 8
- Inner Terrestrial Planet - Mercury, Venus, Earth , Mars
- Outer Jovian Planet (Made of Gases) - Jupiter, Saturn , Uranus , Neptune
- Density of Earth is the highest as comparison other planets with Sun.
Earth - 5.51gm/cm3 It is Highest Density Planet
Mercury -5.43 gm/cm3
Venus - 5.24gm/cm3
Mars - 3.93gm/cm3
Neptune - 1.63gm/cm3
The Sun -1.40gm/cm3
Jupiter -1.32gm/cm3
Uranus -1.27gm/cm3
Saturn -0.68gm/cm3 It is Lowest Density Planet
- Brightest Planet - Venus
- Planets Rotate Opposite to The Earth -Venus, Uranus (East to West)
- Planet which have no Satellite-Venus ,Mercury
- Star nearest to Earth and Sun-Proxima Centuri 4.24ly,Alpha Centuri 4.37ly
- Hottest Planet - Venus
- Largest Natural Satellite - Ganymede (Jupiter)
- Jupiter has 69 satellite (main)-Ganymede,Europa,Lo,Callisto etc
- Saturn has 62 Satellite (main)-Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan(Largest), Lapetus...etc
- Mars has 2 satellite - Phobos,Deimos
- Uranus has 27 satellite (Major 5) - Miranda,Ariel,Umbriel,Titania,Oberon
- Neptune has 14 known Satellite( Main) - Tritron(Largest), Nereid, Halimede, Sao, Laomedeia, Psamathe,Nesa etc
- Earth-Moon(It is the 5th largest moon in the solar system)
- Red Planets - Mars
- Highest Mountain in Solar System - Olympus mons
- Olympus Mons - Mars (3 times higher than Mount Everest)
- Asteroid Belt lies between Mars and Jupiter.
- Largest Asteroid - Ceres (Dwarf Planet)
- Pluto in Kuiper Belt.It was first Kuiper Belt object to be discovered.
- Kuiper Belt in the outer solar system.
Planets Description
Mercury
- Nearest to the sun
- 1 Mercury Day = 59 Earth Days
- 1 year = 88 Earth Days (revolve around the Sun)
- Fastest motion
- No atmosphere,Highest Tempreture
- No own Satellite
- Calorie Basin or Calorie crater is the largest basin of Mercury
Venus
- Goddess of Beauty
- 1 Year = 225 Earth Days
- 97% - CO2
- Hottest Planet - 475 Degree Celcius
- Rotate Clockwise
- No Own Satellite
- Contains clouds (Sulphuric Acid)
Earth
- Distance from the sun 14.96 Crore Km
- 1 year = 365 days
- 71% - Water
- One Natural Satellite - Moon
Mars
- Contains - CO2 , NO2 ,Other Inert Gases.
- Red Oxide soil impart Red Soil
- Desserts & Channel
- Channel (Valles Marineris)
- Natural Satellite - Phobos(fear), Demos(Terror)
Jupiter
- Biggest planet
- Low density as compared to earth
- Tempreture - 123 degree Celsius
- Contains - Methane, Ammonia , Hydrogen
- 63 Natural Satelite
- Biggest Moon of Jupiter and in Solar System- Ganymede
- Giant Red Spot - Giant Storm
Saturn
- 2nd Largest Planet
- Least Density
- Temperature - 180 degree Celsius
- Titan is the largest moon of Saturn
- Phoebe (opposite rotation to Saturn)
- 1 year = 29 Earth Year
- Saturn has 62 Natural Satellite
Uranus
- William Herschel sighted 1st time in 1781
- Tremendous tilt (lying planet)
- Clockwise Revolution
- 5 Rings - Alpha , Beta , Gamma , Theta , Epsilon
- Uranus has 27 Satellite
- Various Gases (Green Planet)
Neptune
- Discovered by Johann Galle
- 1 year = 165 Earth Year (revolve around the Sun)
- Neptune has 13 satellite (Triton & Merida)
Pluto
- Discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930
- 2006 removal from list of planet
Moon
- 384400km Avg Distance from Earth.
- Farthest distance - Apogee(Micromoon)
- Closest Distance - Perigee (Supermoon)
- Largest Crater - Leibnitz
- Supermoon 30% larger than the farthest Point or Apogee
- Blue Moon - It occurence of two full moon in a month.Last seen in 2018
Miscellaneous Fact
- Big Bang Theory - George Lemaitre in 1927
- Steady State Theory - Thomas Gold,Hermann Bondi,Fred Hoyle in 1948
- Pulsating Universe Theory - Advocated by Dr. Allan Sandage
- Farthest distance of the Sun to Earth - Perihelion
- Closest Distance of the Sun to Earth - Aphelion
- Avg. Distance - 14.98cr Km
- Diameter of the Sun - 1392000Km
Galaxy and Stars
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| This image of Halley Comet taken on 8 March 1986 by William Liller in Easter Island, Pacific Ocean part of IHW Large Scale Phenoma Network |
- Halley Comet (last seen) 1986, Next Predict mid - 2061
- Galaxy nearest to Milky Way - Andromeda
- Chandrasekhar Limit - 1.4Ms (Mass of Sun), Ms- Solar Mass
- Star less than Chandrasekhar Limit - Average Star
- Star more than Chandrasekhar Limit - Massive Star
- Lyman Alpha Blobs - Largest Cluster of Heavenly Bodies
- Shape - Eliptical ,Spiral,Irregular
- Andromeda - Nearest Galaxy to the Earth
- The Milky Way Galaxy in which Solar System exist.
- Orion Nebula - Brightest part of Galaxy.
- Sirius or Dog Star - Brightest Star visible from Earth at Night.
- Proxima Star - Closest Star to The Sun.
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| Milky Way and Andromeda (Distance and Size) |
Red Giant - After a considerable amount of fusion a star gets converted to the bright red mass of red Colour.
Supernova - It was primitive star,which was exploded and created Universe.
White Dwarf Star - If the star has a mass less than the Chandrasekhar Limit .It gets Converted to a white dwarf star which eventually gets converted to a black dwarf star after cooling.
Neutron Star - If a star has a mass more than 1.4 times that of the sun .It suffers a massive explosion & gets converted into a heavy mass of Neutron (Pulsar).
Black Hole - Neutron star ultimately become black holes.
Quasar - Heavenly Bodies that emit large amount of energy and radiation.
Constellation - Group of Stars aligned around a certain patterns.
Meteors - Kind of Celestial debris that enters earth atmosphere.
The Sun
- Father of the Solar System
- Hot ball of glowing gases (Hydrogen & Helium)
- 13lac times > Earth
- Radius - 109times that of the Earth
- Gravity - 28 times that of the Earth
- Source of Energy is Nuclear Fusion
- Tempreture - Corona 6000 deg. Celsius , Core 2000000 deg. Celsius
- Aurora Borialis (Northern Lights)
- Aurora Australis(Southern Light)
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| Aurora Lights |
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